webpack

Patch Changes

• Throw on a write to an imported binding without losing concatenation. (by @alexander-akait in #22141)

• Keep the </html> a page was written with, whatever opened the element. (by @aryanraj45 in #22103)

• Look an attribute up by what its value decodes to, not how it was spelled. (by @aryanraj45 in #22107)

• Minify HTML by what a value says rather than how it was spelled. (by @alexander-akait in #22154)

• Follow HTML template form and frameset rules during tree construction. (by @dependabot in #22129)

• Keep the whitespace calc() needs around + and - in a custom property. (by @alexander-akait in #22150)

• Keep an attribute's delimiter and spell its value back where quoting is frozen. (by @alexander-akait in #22119)

• Rewrite an attribute value the source spelled with character references. (by @aryanraj45 in #22110)

• Unquote an HTML attribute value carrying a vertical tab. (by @alexander-akait in #22162)

• Keep a shadow's spread and canonicalize a merged selector list. (by @alexander-akait in #22101)

• Leave out an implied tag and merge adjacent runs on the first pass. (by @aryanraj45 in #22121)

• Minify in one pass what a second pass of the CSS minifier used to find. (by @alexander-akait in #22106)

• Cover the CSS lookup tables no stylesheet in the corpus reaches. (by @aryanraj45 in #22126)

• Keep initial where an engine reads the property's initial keyword apart. (by @aryanraj45 in #22128)

• Join the CSS rules a cut leaves adjacent, and keep a value an escape ate. (by @alexander-akait in #22108)

• Drop the dead CSS a cut leaves, and join more of the blocks that print alike. (by @alexander-akait in #22111)

• Run the printer equivalence suite against Firefox as well as Chrome. (by @aryanraj45 in #22151)

• Finish in one CSS pass the joins, drops and collapses left to a second. (by @alexander-akait in #22117)

• Move the context module sources into lib/context/. (by @alexander-akait in #22115)

• Declare loader context types in JSDoc instead of hand-written .d.ts files. (by @alexander-akait in #22116)

• Emit a failing module's stack relative, and name what a tap failed with. (by @alexander-akait in #22122)

• Finish in one CSS pass the drops, layer gathers and joins left to a second. (by @alexander-akait in #22120)

• Speed up CSS parsing by stepping over dropped selector preludes in bytes. (by @alexander-akait in #22142)

• Record hoisted, module and block declarations while parsing, not by re-walking. (by @alexander-akait in #22147)

• Fold more enumerated attribute values and drop those naming no keyword. (by @alexander-akait in #22148)

• Halve the CSS minifier's browser-version tables by narrowing their element type. (by @alexander-akait in #22140)

• Make each optimization.minimize.css switch govern its own rewrite alone. (by @alexander-akait in #22140)

• Join the rules a top-level @layer gather leaves meeting at the seam. (by @alexander-akait in #22140)

• Gather a CSS layer past a rule that writes only a different one. (by @alexander-akait in #22154)

• Order HTML attributes by what reaches the output, and read values decoded. (by @alexander-akait in #22146)

• Drop a fallback declaration every browserslist target reads past. (by @alexander-akait in #22158)

• Fix module library exports lost under cache or missing behind a re-export. (by @hai-x in #22114)

Minor Changes

• Enable output.module by default with futureDefaults on ESM-capable targets. (by @alexander-akait in #22088)

• Remove experiments.outputModule, set output.module to emit ESM instead. (by @alexander-akait in #22011)

• Add output.copy to copy files and directories into the output directory. (by @alexander-akait in #21938)

• Accept a file URL in any spelling Node reads where an absolute path is taken. (by @alexander-akait in #22012)

• Minify inline CSS and JSON via renderEmbeddedSource, exporting webpack's own. (by @alexander-akait in #21993)

• Export cssMinify and htmlMinify on css.syntax and html.syntax. (by @alexander-akait in #21953)

• Make processResult async and let a tap rename the asset it rewrote. (by @alexander-akait in #21854)

• Lower a CSS spelling a target cannot read and write a color fallback before one. (by @alexander-akait in #21926)

• Allow optional filesystem cache build dependencies. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21849)

• Add output.environment.topLevelAwait and await every async ESM entry. (by @alexander-akait in #21915)

• Add unusedSymbols and pseudoClasses, and evaluate a CSS color function. (by @alexander-akait in #21927)

• Drop an implied shorthand slot, fold a math function, tighten color conversion. (by @alexander-akait in #21929)

• Add module.parser.javascript.specNamespaceObject for spec namespace objects. (by @alexander-akait in #22049)

• Drop what is already said or only a gone engine reads, add lowerUnsupported. (by @alexander-akait in #21931)

• Add normalizeUrlAttributes, mergeScripts, boolean and token switches. (by @alexander-akait in #21960)

• Minify an event handler attribute, and name the production each script body is. (by @alexander-akait in #21968)

• Add source-map, asset, module, bailout, federation hints; group config checks. (by @alexander-akait in #21961)

• Lower CSS nesting, :dir() and custom at-rules; gate case folding and escapes. (by @alexander-akait in #21950)

• Add optimization.minimize.css.mergeDistantRules to join rules across a gap. (by @alexander-akait in #21969)

Patch Changes

• Minify an embedded body through the embedded path, dropping three html options. (by @alexander-akait in #21936)

• Take a minified style attribute's answer whatever quoting it needs. (by @alexander-akait in #21936)

• Name chunk imports in the chunk loader, not at each import site. (by @alexander-akait in #22076)

• Repair hashed names; under HMR bake hashed url maps and reload moved css names. (by @alexander-akait in #21916)

• Enable output.module for module and modern-module library types. (by @alexander-akait in #22071)

• Name an anonymous export default class before its static initializers run. (by @alexander-akait in #21910)

• Throw on a non-optional read past an undefined DefinePlugin member. (by @alexander-akait in #22017)

• Reject a fulfilled async cycle member with the cycle's evaluation error. (by @alexander-akait in #21921)

• Escape external requests in generated ESM imports and star reexports. (by @bjohansebas in #22078)

• Fix stack overflows in ESM library star reexport cycles with externals. (by @bjohansebas in #22080)

• Preserve live bindings when reexporting external ESM exports. (by @bjohansebas in #22082)

• Use configured external requests in ESM star reexports; reject property paths. (by @bjohansebas in #22079)

• Preserve import attributes on ESM library star reexports of externals. (by @bjohansebas in #22081)

• Fail the build when a runtime module's code generation throws while hashing. (by @alexander-akait in #22034)

• Settle a css chunk load without a DOM where its stylesheet cannot be read. (by @alexander-akait in #21970)

• Await a deferred import's async dependency that is evaluating-async. (by @alexander-akait in #21934)

• Keep a color the CSS minifier would round where its channels are read back. (by @alexander-akait in #21923)

• Refresh a cached module's resolveOptions from the factory, not the pack. (by @hai-x in #21945)

• Read a <script type> decoded, so a reference-spelled type is minified. (by @alexander-akait in #21933)

• Read the extension out of a path-scoped rule's alternation, class or braces. (by @alexander-akait in #21946)

• Keep an HTML attribute name or list token holding a foreign template delimiter. (by @alexander-akait in #22018)

• Answer a name a module does not export from the spec namespace. (by @alexander-akait in #22092)

• Give a deferred namespace the spec's exotic shape when the exports are known. (by @alexander-akait in #21939)

• Give a JSON, text or CommonJS namespace the spec's exotic shape and identity. (by @alexander-akait in #22087)

• Report a missing asset instead of a code generation deadlock. (by @alexander-akait in #21992)

• Keep a concatenated CommonJS reference a separate statement, guarding it once. (by @alexander-akait in #21962)

• Keep CSS module exports for a direct loader importModule() call. (by @alexander-akait in #22047)

• Fix import.meta and require.main, and scope-hoist import.meta.main. (by @alexander-akait in #21973)

• Honor resolve.fileSystem and say where module.exprContextCritical moved. (by @alexander-akait in #22091)

• Release stale compilation data from nested children and idle watch builds. (by @alexander-akait in #22096)

• Resolve a @value once and then localize it, wherever it names an identifier. (by @alexander-akait in #22036)

• Release the printed-text store's text when the CSS printer drops it. (by @alexander-akait in #21958)

• Skip a foreign dependency whose isLazy is a flag when walking a lazy barrel. (by @alexander-akait in #21998)

• Move diagnostics to buildInfo.diagnostics, persisting parse-time bailouts. (by @hai-x in #22055)

• Invalidate consumer codegen when an inlined export value changes. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #22020)

• Rebuild DelegatedModule when DLL manifest metadata changes. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #22028)

• Keep a CSS layer's blocks in order where one of them streams. (by @alexander-akait in #22044)

• Refuse inlining const exports across sync cycles with binding reads. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #22085)

• Escape a text run ending in </, which the tag after it made a comment of. (by @aryanraj45 in #22086)

• Skip JS render sentinel scans on chunks without HTML. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21974)

• Minify an attribute by what its value says, not by how the source spelled it. (by @aryanraj45 in #22095)

• Cut allocation and scanning in the CSS and HTML printers, output unchanged. (by @alexander-akait in #21997)

• Emit less chunk-loading runtime. (by @alexander-akait in #22094)

• Recognize the reflected attributes of frame, frameset, marquee and dir. (by @alexander-akait in #22003)

• Drop the neo-async dependency in favor of a faster built-in async helper. (by @alexander-akait in #21959)

• Speed up cache serialization by cutting per-object lookups and call frames. (by @alexander-akait in #21994)

• Update dependencies and match the ReadFileSync type to Node.js typings. (by @dependabot in #21919)

• Match acorn on ** arrows, LS/PS cooking, string export names, program reuse. (by @alexander-akait in #21666)

• Parse a regexp literal the running engine cannot build, and keep locations. (by @alexander-akait in #22009)

• Parse without acorn, serialize parse-error locations, trim walker allocations. (by @alexander-akait in #21667)

• Drop the acorn dependency in favor of webpack's own JavaScript parser. (by @alexander-akait in #22042)

• Name HTML chunks after their tags' urls, drop the JS copy, type text/html. (by @alexander-akait in #22008)

Patch Changes

• Fix import() options, circular reexport severity and namespace writes. (by @alexander-akait in #21867)

• Skip ESM interop when require() targets a module outside the concatenation. (by @hai-x in #21884)

• Fix concatenated require() in a require.ensure callback or a computed request. (by @hai-x in #21907)

• Keep optimization.minimize a boolean; its options move to minimizeOptions. (by @alexander-akait in #21886)

• Fix mangled exports read through require() and a leaked internal reference. (by @alexander-akait in #21905)

• Fix new on a default import of a wrapped CommonJS module. (by @alexander-akait in #21876)

• Throw when a deferred namespace of an async module is forced while it evaluates. (by @alexander-akait in #21871)

• Do not report a missing export for a name a side-effect-free barrel defers. (by @alexander-akait in #21874)

• Fix queue, URL scheme, dotenv, HTTP module and persistent cache edge cases. (by @alexander-akait in #21901)

• Evaluate a deferred import's async dependencies where the import sits. (by @alexander-akait in #21902)

• Omit ambiguous export * names from the module namespace. (by @alexander-akait in #21878)

Patch Changes

• Fix analyzable ESM baking around cycles, mixed-served wasm and style url maps. (by @alexander-akait in #21851)

• Minify more HTML and CSS shorthands, and cut two costs off printing. (by @alexander-akait in #21842)

• Report a named import that is never read when it names a missing export. (by @alexander-akait in #21856)

• Fix ESM circular reexports, cyclic const TDZ, and defer evaluation order. (by @alexander-akait in #21852)

• Stop output.html emitting an unused JS chunk for each generated page. (by @alexander-akait in #21859)

• Stop emitting the CSS chunk loading runtime when every CSS chunk is initial. (by @alexander-akait in #21862)

• Strip a BOM a loader put on a string, and shift a source map that counted it. (by @alexander-akait in #21857)

Patch Changes

• Fix a capture-group-less snapshot.managedPaths RegExp; speed up cache writes. (by @alexander-akait in #21843)

• Throw SyntaxError, or WebAssembly.CompileError, from an unparsable module. (by @alexander-akait in #21847)

• Accept the optimization.minimize: true shorthand set by a plugin in apply(). (by @AgentEnder in #21845)

Minor Changes

• Wrap concatenated modules in lazy __webpack_require__.cw accessors and inline require(), keeping a wrapped body's names and side effects intact. (by @hai-x in #21519)

• Add performance hints reporting what a build costs: duplicate packages and modules, circular dependencies, broad contexts, large modules and chunks, hotspots, eval, missing PURE annotations, polyfills, redundant dynamic imports, OS-dependent rules, cache effectiveness, how chunks load, what splitting refused, why an optimization was skipped, and rules, defines, externals, aliases and barrel reexports nothing uses. An oversized asset names its largest modules, and an entrypoint carrying the runtime recommends optimization.runtimeChunk. Enable every check not set individually with performance.all, report hints in stats only with performance.hints: "stats", and get them in a stable order that leaves the build hashes unchanged. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Add the descriptionRelativePath module rule condition. (by @alexander-akait in #21705)

• Add OS-independent glob matching to module rules. (by @alexander-akait in #21771)

• Report inner-graph, AMD and bare module bailouts in optimizationBailout. (by @alexander-akait in #21740)

• Allow marking externals as side-effect-free with a sideEffects flag. (by @alexander-akait in #21712)

• Give externals the original request of a context module element. (by @alexander-akait in #21780)

• Add the externalsPresets.nodeModules preset with an allowlist option to externalize installed packages, replacing the webpack-node-externals plugin. (by @alexander-akait in #21569)

• Add output.library.umdAmdContainer for an AMD-style loader branch in UMD. (by @hai-x in #21770)

• Resolve @custom-media values that are true / false or name another custom media. (by @alexander-akait in #21624)

• Add the __webpack_css_server_styles__ module variable to read the CSS collected while rendering without a DOM, and keep that CSS in the order the styles were applied. (by @alexander-akait in #21576)

• Patch the HTML <head> in place on hot update instead of forcing a full reload, including when a <script> that never executed is removed. (by @alexander-akait in #21624)

• Scope counter names in CSS modules; fix the counter() counter-style and animation timeline keywords. (by @alexander-akait in #21600)

• Derive import defer / import source from the target and fix the source phase. (by @alexander-akait in #21810)

• Emit analyzable ESM urls for chunks, assets, styles, workers and wasm. (by @alexander-akait in #21788)

• Tree shake CommonJS: module.exports object literals, exports destructured from a require() binding, unused method requires, and unused side-effect-free require() calls and reexports. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Resolve relative entry baseUri values and bake one side of a hash cycle. (by @alexander-akait in #21750)

• Minify CSS further, only where the document is unchanged: shorthands and box longhands, font-weight, <position> and font-stretch keywords, colors (polar, Lab and hsl() converted to hex), numbers, times, zero units, calc() and every math function the spec names folded over constants, selector lists, An+B, keyframe selectors, media-feature ranges, unicode-range, transition layers, display, transforms, gradients, font families, identical repeated declarations, and rules an identical later one makes dead. Abilities are read off the target browsers, vendorPrefixes adds and drops vendor prefixes for them, and rewriteCustomProperties shortens custom property values. Minification never changes whether a declaration parses, and beautifying keeps every rule. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Safely minify CSS (with source maps) and HTML assets when optimization.minimize is enabled, unless a minimizer is already configured for them, making only transformations an engine cannot tell apart. Every rewrite is named as an option, so it can be switched off. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Minify HTML further where the parsed document is unchanged: drop redundant quotes, whitespace nothing renders, escapes text does not need, implied tags, optional end tags nothing prints behind, empty attributes and nested empty elements; fold enumerated values and casing; normalize each attribute against the element it is on; and rewrite style, token lists, srcset, sizes, URL, integer and boolean attributes, viewport content, inline <style> and a JSON <script> body through their own grammars. Adds the optimization.minimize.html options collapseWhitespace, mergeStyles, minifyConditionalComments, minifySrcdoc, preserveComments, removeEmptyAttributes, removeEmptyElements, removeImpliedTags, removeRedundantAttributes, sortAttributes and sortTokenLists, and keeps an end tag the parent, the next element or the adoption agency would otherwise restructure the tree over. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Suggest the closest name or a casing fix anywhere in a failed request. (by @alexander-akait in #21727)

• Add aggregated shutdown hook to MultiCompiler. (by @bjohansebas in #21578)

• Report which compilers changed on the MultiCompiler done hook. (by @bjohansebas in #21580)

• Add [containedpath]/[containedfile] placeholders, used for [path]/[file] of asset and html modules with experiments.futureDefaults. (by @alexander-akait in #21592)

• Support an object for an entry's html that overrides output.html per option. (by @alexander-akait in #21574)

• Configure or exclude each asset type's minifier via optimization.minimize. (by @alexander-akait in #21663)

• Support printing CSS and HTML beautified as well as minified. (by @alexander-akait in #21660)

• Add renderEmbeddedSource, and minify what it offers out of the box. (by @alexander-akait in #21830)

• Report bindings named eval, arguments or reserved words in ES module output. (by @alexander-akait in #21567)

• Emit no development source map for module libraries, or any with futureDefaults. (by @alexander-akait in #21839)

• Speed up builds and cut memory: faster CSS, HTML and JavaScript parsing and minification, a built-in scope analyzer replacing eslint-scope, faster dependency hot paths, module diagnostics, CommonJS export scanning and concatenated module renaming, runtime modules, parsers, generators and dependencies loaded only when used, one file watcher pool shared between MultiCompiler children, and lower parser, graph and startup memory. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Improve tree-shaking for a namespace reexported as default, and fix import d from "./mod"; d.member reading undefined in that case. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Warn on cross-kind CSS module export conflicts and let the class win. (by @alexander-akait in #21538)

• Add output.resourceHints.dedupe to skip prefetch links for already preloaded/prefetched chunks. (by @alexander-akait in #21386)

Patch Changes

• Let a memory-cache etag mismatch fall through to the file cache instead of reporting a miss. (by @alexander-akait in #21624)

• Determine provided exports in dependency order, so a build's module hashes no longer depend on what the persistent cache held. (by @alexander-akait in #21630)

• Emit no dead module and no failing require for an asset-url external. (by @alexander-akait in #21713)

• Fix names, hidden devtools and cache reuse for CSS maps inlined into JS. (by @alexander-akait in #21558)

• Follow the HTML spec more closely when parsing and printing: frameset content, quirks paragraphs and selects, <![CDATA[ outside foreign content as a bogus comment, <?target data?> as a processing instruction, </> dropped, comment data and DOCTYPE identifiers read from the tokenizer states, attributes merged from a repeated <html>/<body> tag, legacy JavaScript script types, void keygen and font format detection — and hand back the tree a parsed document was built from when printing it. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Clear a Watching's blocked flag when its build starts, so it reports only a child actually waiting for its MultiCompiler parent. (by @bjohansebas in #21639)

• Fix AMD define() output using the wrong module and exports argument names. (by @hai-x in #21814)

• Fix ReferenceError from import.meta.main using the wrong module argument. (by @hai-x in #21620)

• Leave a @namespace URI alone instead of resolving and rewriting it as an asset. (by @alexander-akait in #21658)

• Resolve escaped CSS names, and scope a grid area cell name as one name. (by @alexander-akait in #21665)

• Track exports usage of side-effect-free modules an active import() evaluates. (by @hai-x in #21623)

• Resolve absolute symlink targets and treat an unreadable context as missing. (by @alexander-akait in #21647)

• Fix corrupted icon URLs in a .webmanifest with a BOM or non-ASCII text. (by @alexander-akait in #21655)

• Respect strictThisContextOnImports for require() member calls. (by @hai-x in #21601)

• Fix import.meta, [object Object] asset urls and crashes in build-time executed modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Inherit sideEffects past a type-only nested package.json for files under node_modules. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21686)

• Do not fail directory creation when the file system reports it already exists. (by @alexander-akait in #21698)

• Fix top-level using and await using declarations in modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21557)

• Fix DefinePlugin optional chains reading an undefined object member. (by @lazerg in #21823)

• Fix MultiCompiler: compute the common outputPath by whole path segments, run again after a dependency validation failure, and recover watch mode from a fatal child error without leaking watchings. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Keep a nested bundle's runtime tables separate when bundling webpack output. (by @alexander-akait in #21568)

• Keep the runtime out of strict mode when output.globalObject reads this. (by @alexander-akait in #21715)

• Run an even-priority __webpack_require__.O handler without waiting. (by @alexander-akait in #21803)

• Treat top-level this in a classic worker entry as its global scope. (by @alexander-akait in #21720)

• Rehash runtime modules whose code changes under a content-named filename. (by @alexander-akait in #21828)

• Fix namespace object reexports and string export names in module library output and emit a CommonJS entry's default as export default. (by @alexander-akait in #21589)

• Keep tree-shaken JSON arrays as arrays when a prototype property is read. (by @hai-x in #21599)

• Generate every CSS and HTML lookup table into lib/{css,html}/data.js from mdn-data, color-name and the spec IDL — including the value-type facts read out of the CSS value-definition grammars — leaving both syntax.js files algorithm only. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Support UNC paths in module and context replacement plugins. (by @avivkeller in #21645)

• Emit less runtime code: shorter syntax where output.environment allows, no IIFE for a RuntimeModule without locals, no unread __webpack_esm_id__ and exports.id chunk exports, and an ESM entry chunk installing its own modules from its local bindings instead of importing itself. (by @alexander-akait in #21841)

• Release the compilation and file system caches retained after compiler.close(). (by @alexander-akait in #21603)

Patch Changes

• Resolve aliases pointing at a package directory whose name ends with .js again. (by @alexander-akait in #21542)

• Name CSS sources in source maps by their resource path, without the css prefix. (by @bjohansebas in #21536)

• Delete no longer referenced files from the filesystem cache directory after storing the cache, age them by recorded time so restored caches are cleaned too, and collect every fully expired pack in one store instead of one per build. (by @bjohansebas in #21528)

• Report "universal" as the loader context target for the universal target. (by @alexander-akait in #21540)

• Skip require().prop in dead branches gated by inlined imported constants. (by @hai-x in #21517)

• Annotate configuration options and public hooks in the generated types with the @since JSDoc tag. (by @bjohansebas in #21473)

Patch Changes

• Fix stray semicolon emitted before an imported call following a parenthesized sequence element. (by @alexander-akait in #21533)

• Make require(esm) module.exports re-export analysis independent of module processing order. (by @alexander-akait in #21521)

• Ignore ERR_SERVER_NOT_RUNNING on lazy-compilation backend dispose so compiler.close() succeeds on Bun. (by @alexander-akait in #21521)

• Name the failing key when DefinePlugin fails to evaluate a typeof value. (by @alexander-akait in #21503)

• Improve Deno compatibility: guard setNoDelay and force-close connections on lazy-compilation backend dispose, and return a real ArrayBuffer from the Node async/sync wasm loader so WebAssembly.instantiate accepts it. (by @alexander-akait in #21524)

• Speed up the HTML parser and cut its peak memory: module-scope helpers/state and tokenizer callbacks, plus exact AST column pre-sizing. (by @alexander-akait in #21492)

• Track CommonJS build dependencies by parsing sources when require.cache children are unavailable (e.g. Bun). (by @alexander-akait in #21531)

• Cook common string-literal escapes on the JS parser fast path and own the tokenizer's cold-path readers. (by @alexander-akait in #21500)

• Build the CSS parseA* AST on the SoA store instead of node classes, cutting parse memory and time. (by @alexander-akait in #21498)

• Speed up and cut memory of the experimental CSS and HTML parsers: drop two derivable AST node columns, and scan long string, url, comment, and plaintext token bodies natively. (by @alexander-akait in #21504)

• Speed up non-modules CSS parsing: skip redundant token re-reads, drop selector-prelude tokens without materializing nodes, allocate rule preludes lazily, and fast-path empty list seals. (by @alexander-akait in #21511)

• Speed up stats generation and cut its peak memory: reuse cached sort comparators instead of thrashing the comparator caches on every sort, and drop redundant module-graph lookups and allocations in the extractors. (by @alexander-akait in #21506)

• Speed up CSS parsing: byte-range function-name checks, indexed sibling lookahead. (by @bjohansebas in #21520)

• Reduce allocations and redundant work across the code-generation, module-concatenation, exports/usage-analysis, hashing, and chunk-splitting hot paths. (by @alexander-akait in #21516)

• Enable the Node.js compile cache in the webpack CLI entry point. (by @bjohansebas in #21523)

• Encode the persistent cache with V8's value serializer. (by @avivkeller in #21514)

• Speed up SplitChunksPlugin: reject non-subset chunk sets with 64-bit signatures, cache unnamed entry keys, and drop per-module closures. (by @avivkeller in #21529)

• Initialize NormalModule._ast in the constructor so each instance keeps a single hidden-class shape. (by @alexander-akait in #21515)

• Reduce allocations in the binary serialization hot paths. (by @alexander-akait in #21526)

• Deduplicate and simplify several lib modules and speed up AggressiveMergingPlugin. (by @alexander-akait in #21525)

• Rename nested const/let __webpack_require__ and __webpack_exports__ declarations in bundled webpack output. (by @hai-x in #21508)

Minor Changes

• Default experiments.typescript to "auto", enabling built-in TypeScript support on Node.js >= 22.6 when no TypeScript loader is registered. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Default experiments.css, experiments.html and experiments.asyncWebAssembly to "auto", enabling built-in support unless a loader is registered for those files; modules with inline or hook-injected loaders (e.g. html-webpack-plugin templates) keep being parsed as JavaScript. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add output.resourceHints to emit resource hints (preload/prefetch/modulepreload/preconnect), on by default for ESM output, plus module.parser.<type>.urlHints, css.fontPreload and javascript.dynamicImportCssPreload. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add built-in build progress via infrastructureLogging.progress, plus estimatedTime, phaseTimings, progress bar width and progressBar: "auto" on ProgressPlugin. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Concatenate CommonJS modules with statically analyzable exports; opt out via optimization.concatenateModules: { commonjs: false }. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Wrap "weird" CommonJS modules into module concatenation instead of bailing out. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add output.html.inline (true | "script" | "style") and the webpackInline magic comment to inline chunk content into HTML. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add output.html.inject to control where chunk tags are injected. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add output.html.title, output.html.meta and output.html.base options for head generation. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Support per-icon link attributes (sizes, media, color, type, crossorigin) and arrays in output.html.favicon. (by @alexander-akait in #21487)

• Add output.html.manifest to generate and link a web app manifest with hashed icons. (by @alexander-akait in #21487)

• Add output.html.csp to inject a Content-Security-Policy meta with inline-content hashes and an optional nonce. (by @alexander-akait in #21487)

• Add the output.html injectTags compilation hook to inject tags (script/link/meta/…) with injectTo placement. (by @alexander-akait in #21487)

• Add the output.html transformTags compilation hook to mutate, remove, or move (between <head> and <body>) a page's existing <script>/<link>/<style>/<meta> tags. (by @alexander-akait in #21487)

• Extend the HTML pipeline with html link sources (bundled as their own emitted page) and rel="preload"/"prefetch" links bundled as chunks. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Recognize more asset-bearing HTML sources: the twitter:player:stream meta, legacy SVG references, and Web App Manifest icons/screenshots/shortcuts URLs. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add module.parser.html.as to parse HTML as a document or an element fragment. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Allow disabling a built-in HTML parser source via type: false in sources. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Export webpack.html.HtmlModulesPlugin with transformHtml/htmlEmitted compilation hooks. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Resolve @custom-media (including media-type values) and @custom-selector in native CSS. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Scope view-transition-name/-group/-class names and ::view-transition-*() pseudo references in CSS modules under customIdents. (by @alexander-akait in #21486)

• Add import.meta.glob support, with a caseSensitive option and consistent hidden/node_modules matching. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Resolve import.meta.resolve("./asset") to the emitted asset URL via the importMeta.resolve parser option. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add import.meta.env defaults: MODE, DEV, PROD, SSR and BASE_URL. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add fine-grained import.meta parser options. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Deprecate the importMetaContext parser option in favor of importMeta.webpackContext. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Emit analyzable new URL(…, import.meta.url), worker/worklet URL and import() references with literal specifiers for ESM module output. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Compile async modules to generators for targets without async/await. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Evaluate and validate the second argument of dynamic import(specifier, options). (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add module.parser.javascript.worklet to bundle Worklet addModule() entries. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add ?raw, ?url, ?inline and ?no-inline asset query suffixes under experiments.futureDefaults. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add an interop ("default" | "esModule") hint for object externals to control default-export interop. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add an amd-async externals type that loads AMD externals without an AMD library wrapper. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Support cache.compression: "zstd" for the filesystem cache. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Warn on strict-mode-only syntax and semantic hazards in ES module output, configurable via the strictModeViolations parser option. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Support parsers without location APIs: locations derive from node offsets and AST nodes no longer carry loc. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Attach the original DOM event to ChunkLoadError and ScriptExternalLoadError as error.event. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Add output.wasmStreamingFallback for wasm fallback on a wrong MIME type. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Show why a module was marked as not cacheable in stats output. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Expose the active MultiWatching on MultiCompiler.watching. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Resolve git merge conflicts when parsing the build-http lockfile. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

Patch Changes

• Fix broken HMR with output.module and non-import chunk loading by emitting a plain-JSON hot-update manifest. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix unused CSS module exports leaking into the JS wrapper. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix deferred import evaluation: re-throw cached errors, guard forcing a still-evaluating module, keep re-exported deferred namespaces identical, and evaluate initial-chunk deferred context imports lazily. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Keep ESM live bindings for a module library's entry exports, including when the runtime is emitted as a separate chunk. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix SplitChunks merging undersized modules into the wrong result group. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix named id assignment reusing an already-used numbered suffix, which could produce duplicate module/chunk ids. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix inlined non-binary asset modules with encoding: false emitting "undefined" instead of their content. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Decode non-base64 data URIs as UTF-8 so multi-byte characters are preserved. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Keep required JSON data intact when a prototype method (e.g. arr.includes()) is called on it. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Recognize modern RegExp flags (d, s, u, v) when statically evaluating new RegExp(...). (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Merge object-form and dotted DefinePlugin definitions so import.meta.env/process.env are consistent across direct, whole-object and destructured access. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Emit an error when an object external has no entry for the used externals type. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix a persistent cache restore crash when a content section starts exactly on a content-buffer boundary. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Restore missing internalSerializables entries (webpack/lib/Module and cold filesystem cache). (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix watch rebuild crash when context symlink targets lack timestampHash. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix lazy compilation backend leaking idle module entries and hanging on exit. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Stop logging benign ECONNRESET client errors from the lazy compilation server. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Accept compilations from another webpack copy in getCompilationHooks again. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix output.html injection edge cases: escaping, head detection, duplicate meta tags, resource-hint/entry-tag retention with inject: false, and stylesheet placement. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Ignore a <base> inside an inert <template> when resolving HTML URLs. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Bust an HTML page's [contenthash] when its inlined chunk content changes. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix a dangling stylesheet <link> for a JS-only chunk in an HTML entry. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix a malformed HTML magic comment leaking a pending webpackInline directive onto the next element. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix off-by-one dropping the last character of an unterminated url(...) at end-of-input. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Consume the trailing whitespace of a CSS hex escape when unescaping identifiers. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix [fullhash] in output.webassemblyModuleFilename by dropping a stray brace and requesting the getFullHash runtime module. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix duplicated errors/warnings in stats output when detail-less entries exceed errorsSpace/warningsSpace. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Improve module parse errors with a babel-style code frame and the module type. (by @alexander-akait in #21485)

• Fix formatSize rendering sizes of 1 TiB or larger as "undefined". (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Skip the anonymous default export .name fix-up when name is non-configurable, instead of throwing on pre-ES2015 engines. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Escape ? and # in context module regexp identifiers so source map names are not truncated. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Resolve directory requests to their index module in scoped DllReferencePlugin. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Skip the hasSymbol check in the async module runtime when environment.symbol is set. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Use a shared __webpack_require__.cjs helper for wrapped CommonJS modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Derive ASI positions from source text instead of acorn's onInsertedSemicolon, so custom parsers need not collect semicolons. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Avoid a second full parse for auto source type by downgrading module to script in place on a top-level return. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix exponential-time side-effects analysis on cyclic module graphs by memoizing cycle-free results via Tarjan lowlink. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Speed up JavaScript parsing and AST walking and reduce parser memory usage. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Speed up CSS and HTML parsing and code generation and reduce parser memory usage. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Speed up snapshot creation and reduce its memory usage. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Reduce allocations in JS codegen, concatenation, queues and parser setup. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Speed up stats generation on large builds by reusing the item context across array items. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Memoize loader resolution per compilation to avoid re-resolving the same loader for every matching module. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Reuse and harden webpack's shared resource parser in the loader runner. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Update webpack-sources to 3.5.1 and enhanced-resolve to 5.24.2 to cut peak memory. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Inline the loader-runner package into core. (by @alexander-akait in #21477)

• Fix context hash crash on unsupported directory entries like FIFOs and sockets. (by @hai-x in #21484)

• Verify internalSerializables in lint:special and regenerate it in fix:special. (by @alexander-akait in #21476)

Patch Changes

• Speed up non-CSS-Modules parsing by not building unused selector AST nodes. (by @alexander-akait in #21324)

• Speed up non-CSS-Modules CSS parsing by dropping value tokens nothing reads. (by @alexander-akait in #21324)

• Resolve HTML asset URLs against the document <base href>. (by @alexander-akait in #21329)

• Add HTML integration tests: generateError output, ignored src, null-char parse. (by @aryanraj45 in #21328)

• Reduce CPU and memory overhead of HTML and CSS parsing and code generation. (by @alexander-akait in #21332)

• Reduce HTML parser memory and CPU by skipping unused AST nodes. (by @alexander-akait in #21323)

• Reduce HTML parser memory by storing the AST in struct-of-arrays form. (by @alexander-akait in #21331)

• Key the provided-exports cache on a lazy barrel's still-lazy re-export targets. (by @hai-x in #21326)

• Default output.globalObject to globalThis for universal targets. (by @alexander-akait in #21314)

• Pass through new URL(...) directory references instead of resolving them. (by @alexander-akait in #21312)

Patch Changes

• Speed up CSS parsing and reduce CSS AST node memory. (by @alexander-akait in #21285)

• Fix HMR codegen crash for harmony accept with unresolved imports. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21302)

• Match harmony accept dependencies by module reference so HMR codegen handles imports without a module or chunk id. (by @alexander-akait in #21303)

Patch Changes

• Fix lazy barrel deferral of ungrouped side-effect imports. (by @hai-x in #21291)

• Respect the node: prefix for node.js core modules used as externals. (by @alexander-akait in #21286)

Patch Changes

• Fix invalid property access for escaped namespace imports with multi-character mangled export names. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21280)

• Add frames to ProfilingPlugin TracingStartedInBrowser event so the trace loads in Chrome DevTools. (by @alexander-akait in #21269)

Minor Changes

• Treat top-level await and import.meta as ES module markers, matching Node.js syntax detection so no explicit module type is needed. (by @alexander-akait in #21218)

• Add a bun target that emits ESM and externalizes bun:* and node.js built-in modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21248)

• Support CommonJS reexports via Object.defineProperty value and getter descriptors. (by @alexander-akait in #21129)

• Support JSON Schema const when generating CLI flags from a schema. (by @alexander-akait in #21087)

• Support JSON Schema if/then/else when generating CLI flags from a schema. (by @alexander-akait in #21087)

• Skip import specifiers, require() and import() calls in dead conditional branches gated by inlined imported constants (isDEV ? A : B), evaluated via getCondition. (by @hai-x in #21136)

• CSS localIdentName [hash] now resolves to the local ident hash (matching css-loader); use [modulehash] for the module hash. (by @alexander-akait in #21259)

• Add CSS parser as option and resolve url() inside HTML style attributes. (by @alexander-akait in #21157)

• Add dedicated module classes for all built-in module types. (by @alexander-akait in #21164)

• Support .html/.css for the default ./src entry under the html/css experiments. (by @alexander-akait in #21039)

• Add defineConfig helper for typed configuration files. (by @alexander-akait in #21169)

• Add a deno target (with versions, e.g. deno, deno2, deno1.40) that emits ESM, resolves node.js built-ins via the required node: specifier, and keeps Deno's own import protocols (npm:, jsr:, node:, http(s)://) external. (by @alexander-akait in #21247)

• Use module-import for electron externals when the target supports ESM. (by @alexander-akait in #21184)

• Add output.environment.logicalAssignment to emit ||= in runtime code when the target supports logical assignment operators. (by @bjohansebas in #21219)

• Resolve and rewrite asset URLs inside <iframe srcdoc> in HTML modules. (by @bjohansebas in #21226)

• Add HMR support for HTML modules with body/title DOM patching on update. (by @alexander-akait in #21011)

• Add css-url html source type extracting url() references from CSS-valued attributes. (by @alexander-akait in #21250)

• Add module.parser.html.sources option to disable or customize URL-attribute extraction for HTML modules, with script / script-module / stylesheet / stylesheet-inline types for custom attributes (by @alexander-akait in #21022)

• Add module.parser.html.template option to transform HTML module source before parsing. (by @alexander-akait in #21055)

• Extract more source URLs in HTML modules (SVG, legacy and obsolete attributes). (by @alexander-akait in #21241)

• Inline export default <const> when the default-exported value is a primitive constant. (by @hai-x in #21189)

• Support optimization.inlineExports for better tree-shaking. (by @hai-x in #20973)

• Re-encode inline hash digests ([contenthash]/[chunkhash]/[fullhash]/[modulehash]) from the full content hash, so they carry full entropy and work under optimization.realContentHash and in dynamically-loaded chunk filenames; also preserve leading zero bytes in base-N digests. (by @alexander-akait in #21267)

• Allow tree-shaking unused calls to /*#__NO_SIDE_EFFECTS__*/-annotated (pure) exports across module boundaries. (by @hai-x in #20907)

• Defer building unused re-export targets of side-effect-free barrel modules. (by @hai-x in #21165)

• Keep export mangling enabled for modules whose namespace object is used as a whole value, by materializing a decoupled namespace object that keeps the original export names. (by @alexander-akait in #21234)

• Add output.environment.let option (paired with target's let capability) and emit let/const instead of var in generated runtime code wherever it is safe. Bindings that may be wrapped in runtime-condition if blocks (harmony imports, ConcatenatedModule external imports) continue to use var to preserve function scoping. (by @alexander-akait in #21010)

• Add output.html to emit an HTML file per entrypoint, injecting its JS/CSS chunks (including dependOn shared chunks). (by @alexander-akait in #21215)

• Add module.parser.javascript.pureFunctions to mark top-level names as side-effect-free for tree shaking. (by @hai-x in #21063)

• Add universal to compiler.platform, true for universal targets ("universal" or ["web", "node"]). (by @bjohansebas in #21252)

• Add output.strictModuleResolution to gate the runtime MODULE_NOT_FOUND guard. (by @hai-x in #21067)

• Support an inline digest in hash path placeholders, e.g. [contenthash:base64:8]. (by @alexander-akait in #21259)

• Support [uniqueName] and its [uniquename] alias in template paths. (by @alexander-akait in #21155)

• Support CSS in Node for universal targets, collecting styles for SSR. (by @alexander-akait in #21208)

• Improve commonjs, node-commonjs and global externals for universal targets. (by @alexander-akait in #21187)

• Add a universal target preset (browser + web worker + Node.js + Electron + NW.js) that always outputs ECMAScript modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21214)

• Support new Worker(new URL(...)) in universal (node + web) targets by resolving the Worker constructor from worker_threads when no global Worker exists. (by @alexander-akait in #21195)

• Add output.workerChunkFilename and entry.worker for worker chunk filenames. (by @alexander-akait in #21128)

Patch Changes

• Skip re-parsing the inlined entry module when no renaming is needed. (by @alexander-akait in #21167)

• Extend the avoidEntryIife no-parse fast path to multi-entry chunks. (by @alexander-akait in #21173)

• Reuse the binary deserialize dispatch table to speed up cache restore. (by @alexander-akait in #21175)

• Type buildInfo and buildMeta per module type with shared common properties. (by @alexander-akait in #21172)

• Avoid copying module runtime requirements when ownership is not transferred. (by @alexander-akait in #21140)

• Keep all CommonJS exports when an exported function accesses them via this. (by @alexander-akait in #21179)

• Align CLI color-support detection across Node, Deno and Bun. (by @alexander-akait in #21257)

• Include the schema origin path in conflicting-schema CLI argument errors. (by @alexander-akait in #21087)

• Reject __proto__, constructor and prototype path segments in cli.processArguments to prevent prototype pollution. (by @alexander-akait in #21057)

• Speed up Compilation.deleteAsset and Compilation.renameAsset via a lazy reverse index from asset file name to containing chunks. (by @alexander-akait in #21035)

• Fix merging of inner modules' top-level declarations in concatenated modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21170)

• Reduce allocations in export hashing and concatenation name lookups. (by @alexander-akait in #21167)

• Avoid toLowerCase allocations in CSS keyword comparisons. (by @alexander-akait in #21109)

• Speed up CSS identifier escaping with a char-class lookup table. (by @alexander-akait in #21109)

• Resolve [fullhash] in url() public paths for inlined CSS export types (style/text/css-style-sheet) at runtime. (by @alexander-akait in #21054)

• Avoid quadratic line scan when building CSS module exports source maps. (by @alexander-akait in #21109)

• Compute CSS comment source locations lazily. (by @alexander-akait in #21109)

• Support inline hash digest and length in CSS module localIdentName placeholders. (by @alexander-akait in #21259)

• Resolve full CSS escapes (including hex) in CSS-Modules names, so e.g. \75 rl() matches url(). (by @alexander-akait in #21196)

• Reduce CSS parser CPU (hoisted per-call regexes, byte-compared @container pure-mode keywords) and stop retaining parsed comments on the reused parser instance between modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21202)

• Reduce CSS build time and memory usage. Per-export CSS dependencies are consolidated into one dependency per module, and hot-path allocations and lookups in CSS code generation and the module-graph cache are trimmed. (by @alexander-akait in #21114)

• Cache CSS public-path placeholder offsets per module source to avoid re-materializing and re-scanning the source on every render. (by @alexander-akait in #21054)

• Fix CSS tokenizer infinite loops and dropped tokens on malformed input. (by @alexander-akait in #21102)

• Speed up CSS identifier unescaping with bulk run flushing. (by @alexander-akait in #21109)

• Skip already-visited symlink targets when resolving context hashes so cyclic symlink graphs no longer overflow the queue. (by @alexander-akait in #21088)

• Resolve DefinePlugin access to an undefined object member as undefined. (by @alexander-akait in #21040)

• Avoid materializing dependency source locations when sorting, keeping them lazy to reduce build time and memory. (by @alexander-akait in #21228)

• Speed up serialization deserialize by replacing a Buffer.isBuffer call with a typeof check. (by @hai-x in #21203)

• Emit assets with absolute target paths as-is to avoid invalid Windows paths. (by @alexander-akait in #21223)

• Add output.environment.spread, output.environment.hasOwn, and output.environment.symbol, and use method shorthand, spread, Object.hasOwn, and an unguarded Symbol in generated runtime code where the environment supports it. (by @alexander-akait in #21188)

• Drop the unused loadScript runtime from ESM hot-update bundles. (by @alexander-akait in #21208)

• Extend value binding optimization to export default expressions. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21117)

• Reduce ExportInfo memory and cache size for inline-exports metadata. (by @alexander-akait in #21171)

• Resolve nested exports info paths iteratively to cut per-level array allocations. (by @alexander-akait in #21137)

• Fix stale incremental cache for css, html and asset/source/inline modules. (by @alexander-akait in #21108)

• CommonJS tree-shaking no longer drops exports accessed before a deferred require binding. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21123)

• Make CSS-referenced asset available in lazy JS chunk during incremental rebuilds. (by @alexander-akait in #21100)

• Correct string/template import specifier parsing for filesystem cache build dependencies and fix module-sharing hostname validation. (by @alexander-akait in #21232)

• perf: guard isDeferred() behind experiments.deferImport in ConcatenatedModule (by @shashank-u03 in #21096)

• Speed up deterministicGrouping and cached comparators on large builds. (by @alexander-akait in #21197)

• Reduce allocations on harmony/commonjs dependency hot paths. (by @alexander-akait in #21180)

• Force-load a module's new owning chunk during HMR when its only loaded chunk is removed from a runtime, so it keeps receiving updates. (by @alexander-akait in #21131)

• Fix HTML parser adoption agency to handle a nobr shielded by a marker. (by @alexander-akait in #21274)

• Expand HTML parser tag/attribute coverage and decode character references. (by @alexander-akait in #21159)

• Speed up and reduce allocations in the experimental HTML parser's tokenizer, tree builder, and entity decoder. (by @alexander-akait in #21152)

• Speed up the experimental HTML parser and reduce its memory usage. (by @alexander-akait in #21130)

• Avoid redundant HTML module work: reuse the dependency-template render across the JS and HTML code-generation passes, and memoize sentinel resolution/content hashing per source. (by @alexander-akait in #21054)

• Release inner-graph state after use and speed up inlined-export checks. (by @alexander-akait in #21167)

• Reduce JavascriptParser allocations on the walk hot path to speed up parsing and lower memory usage. (by @alexander-akait in #21139)

• Reduce CPU and memory overhead of the lazy barrel optimization. (by @alexander-akait in #21213)

• Keep the error message in module build errors on engines whose Error.stack omits it. (by @alexander-akait in #21239)

• Speed up module concatenation by caching repeated per-module computations. (by @alexander-akait in #21115)

• Move the hot flag from Module to NormalModule, where it's actually read and written. (b

Patch Changes

• Reduce per-file overhead in ContextModuleFactory.resolveDependencies by batching alternativeRequests hook calls. Previously the hook was invoked once per file in the context (with a single-item array), paying per-call overhead (closure allocation, resolverFactory.get, intermediate arrays in RequireContextPlugin) for every file. The hook is now invoked once per directory with all matched files in one batch — RequireContextPlugin's tap already iterates the items array, so the output is unchanged. Steady-state rebuild on a 4000-file require.context drops a further ~15 ms (after the watch-mode purge fix in the same release). (by @alexander-akait in #21020)

• Include each external info's runtimeCondition in ConcatenatedModule#updateHash so changes to a concatenated external's runtime condition invalidate persistent caches instead of slipping through with the module id alone. (by @alexander-akait in #21023)

• Fix HTML [contenthash] for referenced asset and inline-style URL changes. (by @alexander-akait in #21018)

• Resolve chunk-hash placeholders in chunk URLs embedded into extracted HTML. (by @alexander-akait in #21018)

• Remove unnecessary __webpack_require__ runtime helpers in ESM library output with multi-module chunks. (by @xiaoxiaojx in #21032)

• Rewrite NormalModule#getSideEffectsConnectionState walk as an allocation-light iterative loop instead of a generator trampoline, restoring rebuild performance lost in #20993 while keeping deep import chains stack-safe. (by @alexander-akait in #21014)

• Fix runtime ReferenceError on the first activation of a lazy-compiled module when output.library.type produces a closure-wrapped bundle (umd, umd2, amd, amd-require, system). (by @alexander-akait in #21013)

External modules of these types reference closure-bound identifiers like __WEBPACK_EXTERNAL_MODULE_react__, supplied by the library wrapper that is generated once per chunk. When lazyCompilation activates an entry or import for the first time, any external dependency the lazily-built module pulls in arrives in a hot-update chunk that lives outside the original wrapper closure, so its factory body cannot resolve the closure identifier and only a manual page refresh recovers.

The inactive LazyCompilationProxyModule now declares statically-enumerable externals (string and object forms of externals) as its own dependencies, so the initial entry chunk's library wrapper already exposes their closure identifiers. When activation later pulls in those externals through the lazily-compiled module, they resolve to the already-installed factories instead of throwing. Function and RegExp externals are not pre-populated because their effective request set isn't knowable up front.

• Fill in missing entryOptions when an async block joins an existing entrypoint. (by @alexander-akait in #21026)

• Release per-child codeGenerationResults in MultiCompiler and at Compiler.close to reduce memory retention. (by @alexander-akait in #21015)

• Reduce peak memory of SourceMapDevToolPlugin on large builds (closes #20961). (by @alexander-akait in #20963)

• Fix slow require.context() / dynamic import() rebuilds in watch mode (#13636). When a file inside a watched context directory changed, NodeWatchFileSystem would call inputFileSystem.purge(contextDir). The enhanced-resolve purge implementation matches cache keys with key.startsWith(contextDir), so the stat cache of every file under the directory was discarded on every rebuild — ContextModuleFactory.resolveDependencies then re-stat-ed the whole tree on each rebuild. Single-file rebuilds on a 4000-file context now reuse the warm stat cache, dropping median rebuild from ~1260 ms to ~650 ms in a local reproduction (≈49%). For directory items that are explicitly watched contexts, purge is now called with { exact: true } (added in enhanced-resolve@5.22.0) so only the directory's own entry is invalidated; file-level changes in the same aggregated event continue to purge file stats and the parent readdir as before. (by @alexander-akait in #21020)